Our Research

Plain-language summaries of clinical research from Dr Oliver Florica and Dr Rebecca Keeley, with references to the underlying studies and surgical technique videos.

Alongside clinical practice, our team documents and publishes its surgical experience so that other clinicians can learn from it. The summaries below are written for patients. They describe what each study looked at and why it may matter — they are not a substitute for an individual consultation.

Please read: This information is provided for general education only. It is not medical advice and does not describe a guaranteed outcome. All surgery carries risks, including infection, bleeding, chronic pain, injury to nearby structures and hernia recurrence, and results differ from patient to patient. Suitability for any procedure can only be determined after individual assessment. A GP referral is required before a consultation.

What is robot-assisted TEP hernia repair?

A hernia is a weakness in the muscle wall of the abdomen or groin through which tissue can push out. The standard treatment is an operation to return the tissue and reinforce the weak area, usually with a soft surgical mesh.

There are several ways to do this. In the traditional "open" repair, a cut is made over the hernia. In keyhole (laparoscopic) repair, small incisions and a camera are used. Robot-assisted surgery is a further development of keyhole surgery: the surgeon controls fine instruments from a console, with a magnified 3D view and instruments that move like a human wrist.

Our practice uses a specific robot-assisted keyhole approach called TEP — totally extraperitoneal repair. The repair is carried out in the layer behind the abdominal muscles, without entering the abdominal cavity where the bowel sits. In our technique, the mesh is fixed with a dissolvable surgical glue rather than metal staples or tacks.

Why this approach may be of interest to patients:

Robot-assisted repair is not suitable for every patient or every hernia. Your surgeon will discuss the options — open, keyhole and robot-assisted — and the risks and benefits of each, at your consultation.

Robot-Assisted TEP Hernia Repair — Videos

These videos show the surgical technique described in the studies below. Please note: they contain real footage of surgery and are intended for viewers who are comfortable with that.

Robotic TEP — Inguinal Hernia Repair

The totally extraperitoneal approach to a groin (inguinal) hernia: working behind the abdominal muscles, placing the mesh and fixing it with dissolvable glue.

Robotic Femoral Hernia TEP Mesh Repair

Repair of a femoral hernia — the technique described in Study 3 — with the mesh positioned to cover the femoral opening and the other groin hernia sites at the same time.

Robotic TEP Inguinal Hernia Mesh Repair

A further inguinal hernia repair using the same robot-assisted TEP technique, from initial access through to mesh fixation.

Our Studies

Each summary is followed by a reference to the underlying study. Several are currently with medical journals for peer review; full texts will be linked here as they are published.

Study 1

Repairing a trapped groin hernia in an older patient with several health conditions

The problem

When a hernia becomes trapped ("incarcerated"), the tissue cannot be pushed back and surgery is needed promptly to prevent the bowel or fat inside from losing its blood supply. In older patients who also have heart, lung or other medical conditions, the operation and the anaesthetic carry higher risk, and surgeons have traditionally favoured open surgery in this setting.

What we did

This report describes a robot-assisted TEP repair in an elderly patient with multiple medical conditions and an incarcerated groin hernia. The trapped tissue was freed and returned, the weakness reinforced with mesh fixed with dissolvable glue, all through small incisions and without entering the abdominal cavity.

Why it matters for patients

The report describes the surgical steps, the anaesthetic considerations, the patient's recovery and follow-up. It is intended to show other surgeons that, in carefully selected higher-risk patients, a minimally invasive robot-assisted approach can be considered for a trapped hernia rather than defaulting to open surgery. Whether it is appropriate depends on each patient's fitness, the state of the hernia and the surgical team's experience.

The study

Robotic Totally Extraperitoneal Repair of an Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia in an Octogenarian with Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report

S Florica, R Keeley, O Florica · Case report

Manuscript prepared for submission — Hernia
Study 2

A non-surgical option for bile-duct stones after gastric bypass

The problem

Rapid weight loss after bariatric surgery increases the chance of forming gallstones. Occasionally a stone passes into the bile duct. The usual treatment is an endoscopic procedure through the mouth (ERCP), but after gastric bypass the rearranged anatomy makes this very difficult, and the alternatives are more invasive procedures.

What we did

This report describes a patient with small bile-duct stones after gastric bypass who was managed with a tablet medication (ursodeoxycholic acid, a well-established treatment for dissolving certain gallstones) combined with careful monitoring of blood tests and imaging, avoiding a further invasive procedure.

Why it matters for patients

For the right patient with small stones and no signs of infection or blockage, a monitored, medication-based approach may be an option to discuss. It is not suitable when there is infection, jaundice, a large stone or ongoing pain, and it requires close follow-up. The report is shared so that other clinicians are aware of this option in this specific and uncommon situation.

The study

Conservative Management of Common Bile Duct Stones with Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Multiply-Revised Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Anatomy: A Case Report

S Florica, R Keeley, O Florica · Case report

Manuscript prepared for submission — Journal of Gastroenterology
Study 3

Repairing a femoral hernia with robot-assisted keyhole surgery, with long-term follow-up

The problem

Femoral hernias are a less common type of groin hernia, more frequent in women, and are more likely than other groin hernias to become trapped and need emergency surgery. They are often repaired through an open incision.

What we did

This report describes a robot-assisted TEP repair of a femoral hernia. The technique places mesh behind the abdominal muscles so that it covers the femoral opening and the other potential hernia sites in the groin at the same time, fixed with dissolvable glue rather than metal.

Why it matters for patients

Covering all groin hernia sites in one repair is intended to reduce the chance of a different hernia appearing next to the repair later. The report documents the technique step by step, the patient's recovery and follow-up over several years, adding to the evidence that robot-assisted keyhole repair can be applied to this type of hernia. As always, the right operation depends on the individual.

▶ Watch the femoral hernia repair technique video

The study

Robotic Totally Extraperitoneal Femoral Hernia Repair: A Novel Technique with Seven-Year Follow-Up

S Florica, R Keeley, O Florica · Original article

Manuscript prepared for submission — Journal of Robotic Surgery
Study 4

Repairing hernias on both sides — one recurrent — in a patient with heart disease

The problem

Some patients have hernias in both groins, and some have a hernia return after a previous repair. Operating on a recurrence is more difficult because of scar tissue, and patients with significant heart conditions face extra anaesthetic risk, particularly if the abdomen must be inflated with gas for keyhole surgery.

What we did

This report describes a robot-assisted TEP repair of both groins in a single operation in a patient with heart disease — one side a recurrent hernia after earlier surgery, the other a new hernia. Working behind the abdominal muscles allowed the recurrent side to be approached in fresh tissue rather than through old scar, and both sides were reinforced with mesh fixed with dissolvable glue.

Why it matters for patients

Repairing both sides in one anaesthetic avoids two separate operations and recoveries. Because only the small space behind the muscles is inflated, the pressure on the heart and lungs during surgery may be lower than in conventional keyhole repair, which can be relevant for patients with cardiac conditions. The report describes the technique, the recovery and follow-up over several years. Suitability is always assessed individually with the surgeon and anaesthetist.

The study

Robotic Totally Extraperitoneal Bilateral Inguinal Hernia Repair Including a Recurrent Hernia in a High-Risk Patient: A Case Report with Seven-Year Follow-Up

S Florica, R Keeley, O Florica · Case report

Manuscript submitted — Journal of Surgical Case Reports

All patient details in these studies are de-identified. Summaries reflect the manuscripts as prepared; wording may differ from the final published versions.

Frequently Asked Questions

No. The surgeon performs the whole operation; the robotic system is a tool that holds and moves the instruments under the surgeon's direct control.
Yes — mesh reinforcement is the standard of care for adult groin hernias and lowers the chance of the hernia returning. The type of mesh and the method of fixing it will be discussed with you.
This varies between individuals. Most patients having keyhole hernia repair go home the same day or the next day. Your surgeon will give you individual advice about returning to work, driving and lifting.
All hernia surgery carries risks, including bleeding, infection, fluid collection (seroma), injury to nearby structures, chronic pain and recurrence. These will be explained in detail at your consultation.
Yes. A current GP referral is required before your consultation.

Questions About Hernia Repair?

Dr Florica consults at Parkway San Clinic, Wahroonga. A current GP referral is required before your consultation.